| Romanian | … |
|---|---|
| Daco-Romanian | … |
| limba română, românește, română1 | … |
| Pronunciation | [roˈmɨnə] |
| Native to | Romania Moldova |
| Region | Southeastern Europe Eastern Europe Central Europe |
| Ethnicity | • Romanians (including Moldovans and Timok Vlachs) |
| Native speakers | 22 million (2020)2 |
| Language family | Indo-European • Italic • Latino-Faliscan • Latin • Romance • Eastern • Northern Romanian ? 3 • Eastern Romanian ? 3 • Romanian |
| Early forms | Proto-Indo-European • Proto-Italic • Old Latin • Vulgar Latin • Proto-Romance • Common Romanian |
| Dialects | • Transylvanian • Crișana • Moldavian • Banat • Wallachian • Maramureș • Bukovinian • Oltenian |
| Writing system | • Latin (Romanian alphabet) • Cyrillic • Moldovan Cyrillic alphabet (Transnistria only) • Romanian Cyrillic alphabet (historical) • Romanian Braille |
| Official status | … |
| Official language in | • Romania 4 • Moldova 5 • Transnistria (as ” Moldovan ”) 6 • Vojvodina (Serbia) 7 • European Union 8 |
| Recognised minority language in | • Hungary 9 • Serbia (both as Romanian and ” Vlach ”) 10 • Ukraine 11 12 |
| Regulated by | Romanian Academy |
| Language codes | … |
| ISO 639-1 | ro |
| ISO 639-2 | rum (B) ron (T) |
| ISO 639-3 | ron |
| Glottolog | roma1327 |
| Linguasphere | (varieties: 51-AAD-ca to -ck) 51-AAD-c (varieties: 51-AAD-ca to -ck) |
| Blue: region where Romanian is the dominant language. Cyan: areas with a notable minority of Romanian speakers. | … |
| Distribution of the Romanian language in Romania, Moldova and surroundings | … |
(echo:: @ ⌗)
Footnotes
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лимба ромынэ, ромынеште, ромынэ in Moldovan Cyrillic, uniquely used in Transnistria. ↩
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Romanian at Ethnologue (27th ed., 2024) ↩
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The internal classification of the Eastern Romance languages presented in Petrucci (1999) proposes a bipartite split into Northern and Southern branches, with the Northern branch splitting into Istro-Romanian and Daco-Romanian. By contrast, the classification presented within Glottolog v4.8 proposes a bipartite split between Aromanian and Northern Romanian, the latter of which is further split into Istro-Romanian and Eastern Romanian, from which Daco-Romanian and Megleno-Romanian are hypothesized to have split. ↩ ↩2
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“ARTICOLUL 13 – Constitutia României”. Cdep.ro. Archived from the original on 7 September 2011. Retrieved 28 January 2016. ↩
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“Modificat și în Constituție:“Limba de stat a Republicii Moldova este limba română”– FOTO” (in Romanian). ProTV Chișinău. 30 March 2023. Archived from the original on 31 March 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2023. ↩
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Untila, Stela (14 July 2021). ""Cât există Transnistria, va exista “limba moldovenească”. Krasnoselski, despre posibile divergențe cu Chișinăul”. NewsMaker (in Romanian). Archived from the original on 2 April 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2023. ↩
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“Official use of languages and scripts in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina”. Provincial Secretariat for Regulations, Administration and National Minorities. Archived from the original on 25 October 2020. Retrieved 18 October 2010. ↩
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“The Commission’s use of languages”. Archived from the original on 3 April 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2023. ↩
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“Hungary needs to strengthen use of and access to minority languages”. Council of Europe. Archived from the original on 27 August 2019. Retrieved 16 January 2019. ↩
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“Latest Council of Europe report on regional or minority Languages in Serbia published”. The Network to Promote Linguistic Diversity. Archived from the original on 26 June 2015. Retrieved 25 June 2015. ↩
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Про внесення змін до деяких законів України у зв’язку з оновленням офіційного перекладу Європейської хартії регіональних або міноритарних мов [On Amendments to Certain Laws of Ukraine in Connection with the Updating of the Official Translation of the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages] (PDF). Holos Ukrayiny (in Ukrainian). 12 June 2026. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 June 2026. Retrieved 16 June 2026. ↩
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Savin, Mircea (3 December 2025). ""Corectăm o inexactitate istorică!”– Parlamentul Ucrainei a eliminat”limba moldovenească”și a consfințit protejarea Limbii Române/Limba rusă,“retrogradată"". Cotidianul.md (in Romanian). ↩