| French | … |
|---|---|
| français | … |
| Pronunciation | [fʁɑ̃sɛ] |
| Native to | France, Belgium, Switzerland, Monaco, Francophone Africa, Canada, and other locations in the Francophonie |
| Speakers | L1: 74 million (2012–2024)1 L2: 238 million (2012–2022)1 Total: 312 million1 |
| Language family | Indo-European • Italic • Latino-Faliscan • Latinic • Romance • Italo-Western • Western Romance • Gallo - Iberian 2 • Gallo-Romance • Gallo-Rhaetian? 3 • Arpitan – Oïl • Oïl • Francien zone • French |
| Early forms | Old Latin • Vulgar Latin • Proto-Romance • Old Gallo-Romance • Old French • Middle French |
| Writing system | Latin script (French alphabet) French Braille |
| Signed forms | Signed French (français signé) |
| Official status | … |
| Official language in | 26 countries • Belgium • Benin • Burundi • Cameroon • Canada • Central African Republic • Chad • Comoros • Congo • Democratic Republic of the Congo • Djibouti • Equatorial Guinea • France • Gabon • Guinea • Haiti • Ivory Coast • Luxembourg • Madagascar • Monaco • Rwanda • Senegal • Seychelles • Switzerland • Togo • Vanuatu 10 subnational • Aosta Valley (Italy) • French Polynesia • Louisiana (United States) • Maine (United States) • New Caledonia • Puducherry (India) • Saint Barthélemy • Saint Martin • Saint Pierre and Miquelon • Wallis and Futuna Non-official but administrative/cultural • Algeria • Burkina Faso • Cambodia • Laos • Lebanon • Mali • Mauritania • Mauritius • Morocco • New Hampshire (United States) • Niger • Tunisia • Vietnam Organizations including the OIF, UN, IOC, CGPM, ICRC, EU, AU, NATO, WTO and CoE |
| Regulated by | • Académie Française (France) • Office québécois de la langue française (Quebec) • Direction de la langue française (Belgium) |
| Language codes | … |
| ISO 639-1 | fr |
| ISO 639-2 | fre (B) fra (T) |
| ISO 639-3 | fra |
| Glottolog | stan1290 |
| Linguasphere | 51-AAA-i |
| Countries and regions where French is the native language of the majority4 Countries and regions where French is an official or de facto official language, but not a majority native language Countries, regions, and territories where French is an administrative or cultural language but with no official status | … |
(echo:: @ ⌗)
Footnotes
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Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (24 May 2022). “Glottolog 4.8 - Shifted Western Romance”. Glottolog. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Archived from the original on 27 November 2023. Retrieved 11 November 2023. ↩
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Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (24 May 2022). “Glottolog 4.8 - Oil”. Glottolog. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Archived from the original on 11 November 2023. Retrieved 11 November 2023. ↩
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Dots: cities with native transmission, typically a minority. ↩