☼ Concept Map

Ethiopia ▢𓏺｜_append｜___｜20260829000755-01-•

Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia የኢትዮጵያ ፌዴራላዊ ዴሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ Yäʾityop̣p̣yawi Federalawi Demokrasiyawi Ripäblik…
Flag Emblem…
Anthem: ወደፊት ገሥግሺ ፣ ውድ እናት ኢትዮጵያ (Amharic)
(“March Forward, Dear Mother Ethiopia”)
…
…
Capital and largest cityAddis Ababa
9°1′N 38°45′E / 9.017°N 38.750°E
Official languages• Amharic
• Oromo
• Somali
• Tigrinya
• Afar 1 2 3
Regional languages 4• Sidama
• Gurage
• Welayta
• Harari
• Languages of Ethiopia
Ethnic groups (2007 5 6)• 34.5% Oromo
• 26.9% Amhara
• 6.2% Somali
• 6.1% Tigrayan
• 4.0% Sidama
• 2.5% Gurage
• 2.3% Welayta
• 1.7% Hadiya
• 1.7% Afar
• 1.5% Gamo
• 12.6% others
Religion (2016 7)• 67.3% Christianity 43.8% Ethiopian Orthodoxy 22.8% P’ent’ay 0.7% other Christian
• 31.3% Islam
• 0.6% traditional faiths
• 0.8% others / none
DemonymEthiopian
GovernmentFederal parliamentary republic8 under an authoritarian government910
• PresidentTaye Atske Selassie
• Prime MinisterAbiy Ahmed
• Deputy Prime MinistersTemesgen Tiruneh
Adem Farah
• Chief Justice of the Federal Supreme CourtTewodros Mihret
LegislatureFederal Parliamentary Assembly
• Upper houseHouse of Federation
• Lower houseHouse of Peoples’ Representatives
Formation…
• Ethiopian Empire1270
• Zemene Mesafint7 May 1769
• Reunification11 February 1855
• Centralisation1904
• Occupied and annexed into Italian East Africa9 May 1936
• Re-establishment of independence31 January 1942
Area…
• Total1,104,300 km (426,400 sq mi) (26th)
• Water (%)0.7
Population…
• 2025 estimate138,902,1851112 (10th)
• 2007 census73,750,9326
• Density92.7/km (240.1/sq mi) (123rd)
GDP (PPP)2024 estimate
• Total📈 US$434.44 bn13 (55th)
• Per capita📈 US$4,05013 (159th)
GDP (nominal)2024 estimate
• Total📉US$145.03 bn13 (59th)
• Per capita📉US$1,35013 (159th)
Gini (2021)31.114
medium inequality
HDI (2022)📈 0.49215
low (176th)
CurrencyBirr (ETB)
Time zoneUTC+3 (EAT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Calling code+251
ISO 3166 codeET
Internet TLD.et

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Footnotes

  1. Emi I (4 March 2020). “Ethiopia to Add 4 more Official Languages to Foster Unity”. Ventures Africa. Archived from the original on 14 March 2020. Retrieved 2 February 2021. ↩

  2. “Ethiopia is adding four more official languages to Amharic as political instability mounts”. Nazret. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 2 February 2021. ↩

  3. Shaban A. “One to five: Ethiopia gets four new federal working languages”. Africa News. Archived from the original on 15 December 2020. Retrieved 23 October 2020. ↩

  4. “Ethiopian Constitution”. www.africa.upenn.edu. ↩

  5. “Table 2.2 Percentage distribution of major ethnic groups: 2007” (PDF). Summary and Statistical Report of the 2007 Population and Housing Census Results. Population Census Commission. p. 16. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 March 2009. Retrieved 14 December 2020. ↩

  6. “Country Level”. 2007 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia. CSA. 13 July 2010. Archived from the original on 8 February 2019. Retrieved 18 January 2013. ↩ ↩2

  7. “Ethiopia”. The World Factbook (2021 ed.). Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 19 July 2021. ↩

  8. “Zenawism as ethnic-federalism” (PDF). ↩

  9. “Is Ethiopia Democratic? A Bureaucratic Authoritarian Regime”. Journal of Democracy. Retrieved 25 March 2025. ↩

  10. “Ethiopia: Freedom in the World 2021 Country Report”. Freedom House. Retrieved 25 March 2025. ↩

  11. “Population by Country (2025)”. Worldometer. Retrieved 24 June 2026. ↩

  12. “Total Population by Sex: Ethiopia”. United Nations Population Division. Retrieved 6 February 2025. ↩

  13. “World Economic Outlook Database, April 2024 Edition. (Ethiopia)”. www.imf.org. International Monetary Fund. 16 April 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024. ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4

  14. “Gini Index - Ethiopia”. World Bank Group. Retrieved 20 June 2026. ↩

  15. “Human Development Report 2023/24” (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 13 March 2024. Retrieved 13 March 2024. ↩