☼ Concept Map

Deutsch ┃ German ▢𓏺｜appendage｜___｜20260628185154-01-•

German…
Deutsch…
Pronunciation[dɔɪ̯tʃ]
Native toGermany, Switzerland, Austria, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Belgium, Italy
SpeakersL1: 95 million1
L2: 80–85 million (2014)2
Language familyIndo-European • Germanic
• West Germanic
• High German
• German
Early formsOld High German • Middle High German
• Early New High German
Standard forms• Standard German (German , Swiss , Austrian)
Writing system• Since Old High German: Latin script (German alphabet)
• German Braille
• Until the mid-20th century: Hebrew alphabet 3 4 5 6 7
Signed formsSigned German
Official status…
Official language in6 countries • Austria
• Belgium
• Germany
• Liechtenstein
• Luxembourg
• Switzerland
1 subdivision • South Tyrol (Italy)
Various International institutions
Recognised minority
language in		9 countries • Brazil (2 municipalities)
• Czech Republic (select localities)
• Denmark (Syddanmark)
• Hungary (Sopron)
• Namibia
• Poland (Upper Silesia)
• Romania (select localities)
• Russia (Azovo German National District)
• Slovakia (Krahule)
Language codes…
ISO 639-1de
ISO 639-2ger (B)
deu (T)
ISO 639-3Variously:
deu – German
gmh – Middle High German
goh – Old High German
gct – Colonia Tovar German
bar – Bavarian
cim – Cimbrian
geh – Hutterite German
ksh – Kölsch
nds – Low German8
sli – Lower Silesian
ltz – Luxembourgish9
vmf – Mainfränkisch
mhn – Mòcheno
pfl – Palatinate German
pdc – Pennsylvania Dutch
pdt – Plautdietsch10
swg – Swabian German
gsw – Swiss German
uln – Unserdeutsch
sxu – Upper Saxon
wae – Walser German
wep – Westphalian
hrx – Riograndenser Hunsrückisch
yec – Yenish
yid – Yiddish
Glottologstan1295
Linguasphere• 52-ACB–dl (Standard German)
• 52-AC (Continental West Germanic)
• 52-ACB (Deutsch & Dutch)
• 52-ACB-d (Central German)
• 52-ACB-e & -f (Upper and Swiss German)
• 52-ACB-h (Émigré German varieties, including 52-ACB-hc (Hutterite German) & 52-ACB-he (Pennsylvania Dutch))
• 52-ACB-i (Yenish)
• Totalling 285 varieties: 52-ACB-daa to 52-ACB-i
Sole official language Co-official language National or recognised minority language Minority language…

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Footnotes

  1. Thomas Marten, Fritz Joachim Sauer (Hrsg.): Länderkunde Deutschland, Österreich und Schweiz (mit Liechtenstein) im Querschnitt. Inform-Verlag, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-9805843-1-3, S. 7. ↩

  2. “Special Eurobarometer 386: Europeans and their languages” (PDF) (report). European Commission. June 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 January 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2015. ↩

  3. “Moses Mendelssohn’s Be’ur: Translating the Torah in the Age of Enlightenment – TheTorah.com”. www.thetorah.com. Archived from the original on 29 January 2024. Retrieved 10 August 2023. ↩

  4. “Sefer Netivot ha-shalom: ṿe-hu ḥibur kolel ḥamishat ḥumshe ha-torah ʻim tiḳun sofrim ṿe-targum ashkenazi u-veʾur. - 1783. Translated from the Hebrew into German by Moses Mendelssohn. Berlin: Gedruckt bey George Friedrich Starcke”. digipres.cjh.org. Archived from the original on 10 August 2023. Retrieved 10 August 2023. ↩

  5. “המאסף ha-Me’asef. 6644-5571 [1783-1811] [Newspaper in German printed in Hebrew characters]. Königsberg, Prussia”. Archived from the original on 10 August 2023. Retrieved 10 August 2023. ↩

  6. “YIVO | Dostrzegacz Nadwiślański -/Der Beobakhter an der Vayksel. 1823–1824. Warsaw”. yivoencyclopedia.org. Archived from the original on 28 August 2023. Retrieved 10 August 2023. ↩

  7. “Birgit Klein. 1998. Levi von Bonn alias Löb Kraus und die Juden im Alten Reich. Auf den Spuren eines Verrats mit weitreichenden Folgen, p. 200” (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 August 2023. Retrieved 10 August 2023. ↩

  8. The status of Low German as a German variety or separate language is subject to discussion. ↩

  9. The status of Luxembourgish as a German variety or separate language is subject to discussion. ↩

  10. The status of Plautdietsch as a German variety or separate language is subject to discussion. ↩